Bicyclic heterocycles as HIV integrase inhibitors

ABSTRACT

The invention encompasses a series cyclic bicyclic heterocyclic compounds of Formula I which are inhibitors of HIV integrase and prevent viral integration into human DNA. This action makes the compounds useful for treating HIV infection and AIDS. The invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating those infected with HIV.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. Nos. 60/603,371 filed Aug. 20, 2004 and 60/575,513 filed May 28, 2004.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been identified as the etiological agent responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a fatal disease characterized by destruction of the immune system and the inability to fight off life threatening opportunistic infections. Recent statistics (UNAIDS: Report on the Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic, December 1998), indicate that as many as 33 million people worldwide are infected with the virus. In addition to the large number of individuals already infected, the virus continues to spread. Estimates from 1998 point to close to 6 million new infections in that year alone. In the same year there were approximately 2.5 million deaths associated with HIV and AIDS.

There are currently a number of antiviral drugs available to combat the infection. These drugs can be divided into three classes based on the viral protein they target and their mode of action. In particular, saquinavir, indinavir, ritonavir, nelfinavir and amprenavir are competitive inhibitors of the aspartyl protease expressed by HIV. Zidovudine, didanosine, stavudine, lamivudine, zalcitabine and abacavir are nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors that behave as substrate mimics to halt viral cDNA synthesis. The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nevaripine, delavirdine and efavirenz inhibit the synthesis of viral cDNA via a non-competitive (or uncompetitive) mechanism. Used alone these drugs are effective in reducing viral replication. The effect is only temporary as the virus readily develops resistance to all known agents. However, combination therapy has proven very effective at both reducing virus and suppressing the emergence of resistance in a number of patients. In the US, where combination therapy is widely available, the number of HIV-related deaths has declined (Palella, F. J.; Delany, K. M.; Moorman, A. C.; Loveless, M. O.; Furher, J.; Satten, G. A.; Aschman, D. J.; Holmberg, S. D. N. Engl. J. Med. 1998, 338, 853-860).

Unfortunately, not all patients are responsive and a large number fail this therapy. In fact, approximately 30-50% of patients ultimately fail combination therapy. Treatment failure in most cases is caused by the emergence of viral resistance. Viral resistance in turn is caused by the rapid turnover of HIV-1 during the course of infection combined with a high viral mutation rate. Under these circumstances incomplete viral suppression caused by insufficient drug potency, poor compliance to the complicated drug regiment as well as intrinsic pharmacological barriers to exposure provides fertile ground for resistance to emerge. More disturbing are recent findings which suggest that low-level replication continues even when viral plasma levels have dropped below detectable levels (<50 copies/mL) (Carpenter, C. C.; Cooper, D. A.; Fischl, M. A.; Gatell, J. M.; Gazzard, B. G.; Hammer, S. M.; Hirsch, M. S.; Jacobsen, D. M.; Katzenstein, D. A.; Montaner, J. S.; Richman, D. D.; Saag, M. S.; Schechter, M.; Schooley, R. T.; Thompson, M. A.; Vella, S.; Yeni, P. G.; Volberding, P. A. JAMA 2000, 283, 381-390). Clearly there is a need for new antiviral agents, preferably targeting other viral enzymes to reduce the rate of resistance and suppress viral replication even further.

HIV expresses three enzymes, reverse transcriptase, an aspartyl protease, and integrase. All three are targets for treating AIDS and HIV infection. HIV integrase catalyzes insertion of the viral cDNA into the host cell genome, which is a critical step in the viral life cycle. HIV integrase inhibitors belonging to a class of diketo acid compounds prevented viral integration and inhibited HIV-1 replication in cells (Hazuda et al. Science 2000, 287, 646). And recently, HIV integrase inhibitors have been accepted into clinical trials for treating AIDS and HIV infection (Neamati Expert. Opin. Ther. Patents 2002, 12, 709, Pais and Burke Drugs Fut. 2002, 27, 1101).

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention encompasses compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates, their pharmaceutical compositions, and methods for inhibiting HIV integrase and treating those infected with HIV.

One aspect of the invention is a compound of Formula I

wherein:

-   R¹ is C₁₋₆(Ar¹)alkyl; -   R² is hydrogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₆alkyl, or C₁₋₆alkoxy; -   R³ is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl,     C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆haloalkoxy, CON(R⁶)(R⁶), or Ar²; -   R⁴ is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy,     C₁₋₆haloalkyl, or C₁₋₆haloalkoxy; -   R⁵ is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy,     C₁₋₆haloalkyl, or C₁₋₆haloalkoxy; -   R⁶ is hydrogen or C₁₋₆alkyl; -   R⁷ is C₁₋₆alkyl; -   Ar¹ is -   Ar² is tetrazolyl, triazolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrrolyl, or     dixothiazinyl, and is substituted with 0-2 substituents selected     from the group consisting of amino, oxo, halo, and C₁₋₆alkyl; -   Ar³ is phenyl or pyridinyl substituted with 0-2 substituents     selected from halo, C₁₋₆alkyl, and C₁₋₆alkoxy; and -   X—Y—Z is C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂, C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂CH₂, C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂,     C(Ar³)═CHCH₂, C(Ar³)═CHCH₂CH₂, or C(Ar³)═CHCH₂CH₂CH₂;     or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.

Another aspect of the invention is a compound of Formula I where R¹ is

Another aspect of the invention is a compound of Formula I where R¹ is

Another aspect of the invention is a compound of Formula I where R² is hydrogen.

Another aspect of the invention is a compound of Formula I where R³ is hydrogen, chloro, flouro, methyl, or NHCOR⁶; R⁴ is hydrogen, chloro, flouro, or methyl; and R⁵ is hydrogen.

Another aspect of the invention is a compound of Formula I where R³ is triazinyl substituted with 0-1 methyl groups; R⁴ is hydrogen, chloro, flouro, or methyl; and R⁵ is hydrogen.

Another aspect of the invention is a compound of Formula I where R⁶ is hydrogen or methyl

Another aspect of the invention is a compound of Formula I where R⁷ is methyl.

Another aspect of the invention is a compound of Formula I where X—Y—Z is C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂, C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂CH₂, or C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂.

Another aspect of the invention is a compound of Formulas

Another aspect of the invention is a compound of Formula I where X—Y—Z is C(Ar³)═CHCH₂, C(Ar³)═CHCH₂CH₂, or C(Ar³)═CHCH₂CH₂CH₂.

Another aspect of the invention is a compound of Formulas

For a compound of Formula I, any scope of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, Ar¹, Ar², Ar³, and X—Y—Z can be used independently with any scope of any other substituent.

“Alkyl,” “alkoxy,” “haloalkyl,” and related terms with an alkyl moiety include straight and branched configurations. A term such as “C₁₋₆(R)alkyl” means a straight or branched alkyl group of one to six carbons substituted with the substituent R. “Haloalkyl” includes all permutations of halogenated alkyl groups, from monohalo to perhalo. “Aryl” means an aromatic ring system and includes carbocyclic and heterocyclic systems. Some substituents are divalent, such as X—Y—Z. Asymmetric divalent substituents may be attached in either of the two configurations.

“Dioxothiazinyl”means

The invention includes all pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms of the compounds. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are those in which the counter ions do not contribute significantly to the physiological activity or toxicity of the compounds and as such function as pharmacological equivalents. These salts can be made according to common organic techniques employing commercially available reagents. Some anionic salt forms include acetate, acistrate, besylate, bromide, chloride, citrate, fumarate, glucouronate, hydrobromide, hydrochloride, hydroiodide, iodide, lactate, maleate, mesylate, nitrate, pamoate, phosphate, succinate, sulfate, tartrate, tosylate, and xinofoate. Some cationic salt forms include ammonium, aluminum, benzathine, bismuth, calcium, choline, diethylamine, diethanolamine, lithium, magnesium, meglumine, 4-phenylcyclohexylamine, piperazine, potassium, sodium, tromethamine, and zinc.

The invention also includes all solvated forms of the compounds, particularly hydrates. Solvates do not contribute significantly to the physiological activity or toxicity of the compounds and as such function as pharmacological equivalents. Solvates may form in stoichiometric amounts or may form from adventitious solvent or a combination of both. One type of solvate is hydrate, and some hydrated forms include monohydrate, hemihydrate, and dihydrate.

Some of the compounds of the invention exist in stereoisomeric forms. The invention includes all stereoisomeric forms of the compounds including enantiomers and diastereromers. An example of enantiomers is shown below. Methods of making and separating stereoisomers are known in the art.

The invention includes all tautomeric forms of the compounds. An example of a tautomeric pair is shown below.

Synthetic Methods

The compounds of this invention can be made by various methods known in the art including those of the following schemes and in the specific embodiments section. The variables shown in the synthetic schemes are distinct from and should not be confused with the variables in the claims or the rest of the specification. The variables in the schemes are meant only to illustrate how to make some of the compounds of this invention.

Some compounds can be synthesized from an appropriately substituted heterocycle I-1 according to Scheme I, where R_(a) and P can serve as protecting groups (see Greene, T. W. and Wutz, P. G. M. Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, Second Edition, 1991, John Wiley and Sons, New York). When P is benzyl or substituted benzyl it can be removed by hydrogenolysis (H₂—Pd/C) or acid hydrolysis (trifluoroacetic acid) to yield intermediate I-2. I-2 can be transaminated to I-4 by reaction with amine I-3. In a number of cases this reaction can be carried out by heating I-3 and I-2 together in the presence of base. Alternatively, standard amide coupling reagents can be used to effect the formation of the amide bond. When R_(a) is a lower alkyl group, R_(a) can be removed under ester hydrolysis conditions, such as treatment with NaOH, LiOH, or KOH to deliver the corresponding carboxylic acid I-5. Alternatively, R_(a) can be removed by nucleophilic displacement using NaI. When R_(a) is benzyl and substituted benzyl, R_(a) can be removed by hydrogenolysis. Intermediate I-5 can be coupled using amide bond forming reagents such as BOP, DCC, EDCI, PyBrop, PyBop or other reagents (see March, J. Advanced Organic Chemistry, Fourth Edition 1992 John Wiley & Sons, New York). The resulting intermediate I-6 can be deprotected as described for intermediate I-1.

In Scheme II, intermediate II-3 can be prepared using methods similar to those described in Sunderland, J. S.; Botta, M.; Aime, S.; Raymond, K. N. Inorg. Chem. (2001), 40, 6756-6756, where II-1 and II-2 are condensed, to provide intermediate II-3. This reaction is usually conducted in the presence of a base such as sodium hydride (NaH), sodium ethoxide (EtONa) or lithium hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDS). Using the methods described in the reference, II-3 can be condensed with an appropriately substituted amidine II-4 to form II-5. Substituent B can be a leaving group, such as—halo (Cl, Br or I) or can be converted to a leaving group under appropriate conditions such as by forming the corresponding methylsulfonate ester. When substituent B is a methyl sulphide group it can be treated with iodomethane to form a dimethylsulfonium intermediate which is activated towards nucleophilic attack to effect ring closure.

In Scheme III, intermediate II-3 can be condensed with a cyclic-amidine to yield intermediate I-1. Intermediate III-1 can be prepared using known methods (see Patai, S. and Rappoport, Z. The Chemistry of Amidines and Imidates, Volume 2, 1991, John Wiley & Sons, New York).

Scheme IV, nitrile IV-1, possessing a potential leaving group B, can be reacted with hydroxylamine to form intermediate IV-2. This intermediate can be reacted with a suitably protected alkyne to form IV-3 which can rearrange to from intermediate IV-4 according to literature methods (Culbertson, T. P. Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 1979, 16, 1423-1424).

Schemes V-VIII provide further illustrations of the synthesis of the compounds of the current invention.

Biological Methods

Another aspect of the invention is a method for inhibiting HIV integrase comprising contacting a compound of Formula I with HIV integrase.

Another aspect of the invention is a method for inhibiting HIV viral DNA integration into human DNA comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of Formula I to a human cell infected with HIV.

HIV-Integrase Inhibition Activity.

To evaluate in-vitro activity against HIV-integrase, 5 pmole of biotin labeled substrate DNA was bound to 100 μg of Streptavidin coated PVT SPA (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech). Recombinant integrase (0.26 ng) was incubated with the beads for 90 min at 37° C. Unbound enzyme was removed by washing complex followed by addition of inhibitors and 0.1 fmol of P33 labeled target DNA. The reaction was stopped by adding EDTA to a final concentration of 10 mM. Samples were counted in TopCountNXT (Packard) and the CPM was used as a measure of integration. The reaction condition was as described in A. Engelman and R. Craigie, J. Virol. 69, 5908-5911 (1995). The sequence of substrate and target DNA were described in Nucleic Acid Research 22,11121-1122 (1994). Results are shown in Table 1. Activity equal to A refers to a compound having IC₅₀=0.0002 to 0.009 μM while B and C denote compounds having IC₅₀=0.010 to 049 μM and IC₅₀≧0.05 μM respectively. TABLE 1 Example Activity 1 A 2 B 3 A 4 A 5 A 6 A 7 A 8 A 9 A 10 A 11 A 12 A 13 A

Inhibition of HIV Replication.

A recombinant NL-Rluc virus was constructed in which a section of the nef gene from NL4-3 was replaced with the Renilla Luciferase gene. The NL-RLuc virus was prepared by co-transfection of two plasmids, pNLRLuc and pVSVenv. The pNLRLuc contains the NL-Rluc DNA cloned into pUC18 at the PvuII site, while the pVSVenv contains the gene for VSV G protein liked to an LTR promoter. Transfections were performed at a 1:3 ratio of pNLRLuc to pVSVenv on 293T cells using the LipofectAMINE PLUS kit from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, Calif.) according to manufactures instruction, and the pseudotype virus generated was titered in MT-2 cells.

Susceptibility of viruses to compounds was determined by incubation in the presence of serial dilutions of the compound. The 50% effective concentration (EC₅₀) was calculated by using the exponential form of the median effect equation where (Fa)=1/[1+(ED₅₀/drug conc.)^(m)](Johnson Va., Byington R T. Infectivity Assay. In Techniques in HIV Research. ed Aldovini A, Walker B D. 71-76. New York: Stockton Press. 1990). The anti-viral activity of compounds was evaluated under three serum conditions, 10% FBS, 15 mg/ml human serum albumin/10% FBS or 40% human serum/5% FBS, and the results from at least 2 experiments were used to calculate the EC₅₀ values. Results are shown in Table 2. Activity equal to A refers to a compound having EC₅₀=0.001 to 0.009 μM while B and C denote compounds with EC₅₀=0.01 to 0.02 μM and EC₅₀≧0.021 μM respectively. TABLE 2 Example Activity 1 B 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 A 6 A 7 A 8 B 9 A 10 C 11 C 12 A 13 A

Pharmaceutical Composition and Methods of Use

The compounds of this invention inhibit HIV integrase. HIV integrase inhibitors belonging to a class of diketo acid compounds prevented viral integration and inhibited HIV-1 replication in cells (Hazuda et al. Science 2000, 287, 646). Recently, HIV integrase inhibitors have been accepted into clinical trials for treating AIDS and HIV infection (Neamati Expert. Opin. Ther. Patents 2002, 12, 709, Pais and Burke Drugs Fut. 2002, 27, 1101).

Accordingly, another aspect of the invention is a method for treating HIV infection in a human patient comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Another aspect of the invention is a method for treating HIV infection in a human patient comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, with a therapeutically effective amount of at least one other agent used for treatment of AIDS or HIV infection. Some suitable agents are nucleoside HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV protease inhibitors, HIV fusion inhibitors, HIV attachment inhibitors, CCR5 inhibitors, CXCR4 inhibitors, HIV budding or maturation inhibitors, and HIV integrase inhibitors.

Another aspect of the invention is a composition for treating HIV infection in a human patient comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

“Combination,” “coadministration,” “concurrent,” and similar terms referring to the administration of a compound of Formula I with at least one anti-HIV agent mean that the components are part of a combination antiretroviral therapy or highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) as understood by practitioners in the field of AIDS and HIV infection.

“Therapeutically effective” means the amount of agent required to provide a meaningful patient benefit as understood by practitioners in the field of AIDS and HIV infection. In general, the goals of treatment are suppression of viral load, restoration and preservation of immunologic function, improved quality of life, and reduction of HIV-related morbidity and mortality.

“Patient” means a person infected with the HIV virus and suitable for therapy as understood by practitioners in the field of AIDS and HIV infection.

“Treatment,” “therapy,” “regimen,” “HIV infection,” “ARC,” “AIDS” and related terms are used as understood by practitioners in the field of AIDS and HIV infection.

The compounds of this invention are generally given as pharmaceutical compositions comprised of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and may contain conventional excipients. A therapeutically effective amount is that which is needed to provide a meaningful patient benefit. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are those conventionally known carriers having acceptable safety profiles. Compositions encompass all common solid and liquid forms including capsules, tablets, losenges, and powders as well as liquid suspensions, syrups, elixers, and solutions. Compositions are made using common formulation techniques, and conventional excipients (such as binding and wetting agents) and vehicles (such as water and alcohols) are generally used for compositions.

Solid compositions are normally formulated in dosage units and compositions providing from about 1 to 1000 mg of the active ingredient per dose are preferred. Some examples of dosages are 1 mg, 10 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, and 1000 mg. Generally, other antiretroviral agents will be present in a unit range similar to agents of that class used clinically. Typically, this is 0.25-1000 mg/unit.

Liquid compositions are usually in dosage unit ranges. Generally, the liquid composition will be in a unit dosage range of 1-100 mg/mL. Some examples of dosages are 1 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, and 100 mg/mL. Generally, other antiretroviral agents will be present in a unit range similar to agents of that class used clinically. Typically, this is 1-100 mg/mL.

The invention encompasses all conventional modes of administration; oral and parenteral methods are preferred. Generally, the dosing regimen will be similar to other antiretroviral agents used clinically. Typically, the daily dose will be 1-100 mg/kg body weight daily. Generally, more compound is required orally and less parenterally. The specific dosing regime, however, will be determined by a physician using sound medical judgement.

The invention also encompasses methods where the compound is given in combination therapy. That is, the compound can be used in conjunction with, but separately from, other agents useful in treating AIDS and HIV infection. Some of these agents include HIV attachment inhibitors, CCR5 inhibitors, CXCR4 inhibitors, HIV cell fusion inhibitors, HIV integrase inhibitors, HIV nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV protease inhibitors, budding and maturation inhibitors, immunomodulators, and anti-infectives. In these combination methods, the compound of Formula I will generally be given in a daily dose of 1-100 mg/kg body weight daily in conjunction with other agents. The other agents generally will be given in the amounts used therapeutically. The specific dosing regime, however, will be determined by a physician using sound medical judgement.

Table 3 lists some agents useful in treating AIDS and HIV infection which are suitable for this invention. TABLE 3 DRUG NAME MANUFACTURER INDICATION ANTIVIRALS 097 Hoechst/Bayer HIV infection, (non-nucleoside reverse AIDS, ARC transcriptase inhibitor) Amprenavir Glaxo Wellcome HIV infection, 141 W94 AIDS, ARC GW 141 (protease inhibitor) Abacavir (1592U89) Glaxo Wellcome HIV infection, GW 1592 AIDS, ARC (RT inhibitor) Acemannan Carrington Labs ARC (Irving, TX) Acyclovir Burroughs HIV infection, Wellcome AIDS, ARC, in combination with AZT AD-439 Tanox Biosystems HIV infection, AIDS, ARC AD-519 Tanox Biosystems HIV infection, AIDS, ARC Adefovir dipivoxil Gilead Sciences HIV infection, AL-721 Ethigen (Los ARC, PGL Angeles, CA) HIV positive, AIDS Alpha Interferon Glaxo Wellcome Kaposi's HIV in combination sarcoma w/Retrovir Ansamycin Adria Labo- ARC LM 427 ratories (Dublin, OH) Erbamont (Stamford, CT) Antibody which Advanced AIDS, ARC Neutralizes pH Biotherapy Labile alpha aberrant Concepts Interferon (Rockville, MD) AR177 Aronex Pharm HIV infection, AIDS, ARC Beta-fluoro-ddA Nat'l Cancer AIDS-associated Institute diseases BMS-232623 Bristol-Myers HIV infection, (CGP-73547) Squibb/Novartis AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) BMS-234475 Bristol-Myers HIV infection, (CGP-61755) Squibb/Novartis AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) CI-1012 Warner-Lambert HIV-1 infection Cidofovir Gilead Science CMV retinitis, herpes, papillomavirus Curdlan sulfate AJI Pharma USA HIV infection Cytomegalovirus MedImmune CMV retinitis Immune globin Cytovene Syntex Sight threatening Ganciclovir CMV peripheral, CMV retinitis Delaviridine Pharmacia-Upjohn HIV infection, (RT inhibitor) AIDS, ARC Dextran Sulfate Ueno Fine Chem. AIDS, ARC, HIV Ind. Ltd. (Osaka, positive Japan) asymptomatic ddC Dideoxycytidine Hoffman-La HIV infection, Roche AIDS, ARC ddI Bristol-Myers HIV infection, Dideoxyinosine Squibb AIDS, ARC; combinationwith AZT/d4T DMP-450 AVID HIV infection, (protease inhibitor) (Camden, NJ) AIDS, ARC Efavirenz DuPont Merck HIV infection, (DMP 266) AIDS, ARC (−)6-Chloro-4-(S)- cyclopropylethynyl- 4(S)-trifluoro- methyl-1,4-dihydro- 2H-3,1-benzoxazin- 2-one, STOCRINE (non-nucleoside RT inhibitor) EL10 Elan Corp, PLC HIV infection (Gainesville, GA) Famciclovir Smith Kline herpes zoster, herpes simplex FTC Emory University HIV infection, (reverse transcriptase AIDS, ARC inhibitor) GS 840 Gilead HIV infection, (reverse transcriptase AIDS, ARC inhibitor) HBY097 Hoechst Marion HIV infection, (non-nucleoside reverse Roussel AIDS, ARC transcriptaseinhibitor) Hypericin VIMRx Pharm. HIV infection, AIDS, ARC Recombinant Human Triton AIDS, Kaposi's Interferon Beta Biosciences sarcoma, ARC (Almeda, CA) Interferon alfa-n3 Interferon ARC, AIDS Sciences Indinavir Merck HIV infection, AIDS, ARC, asymptomatic HIV positive, also in combination with AZT/ddI/ ddC ISIS 2922 ISIS CMV retinitis Pharmaceuticals KNI-272 Nat'l Cancer HIV-associated Institute diseases Lamivudine, 3TC Glaxo Wellcome HIV infection, (reverse transcriptase AIDS, ARC, inhibitor) also with AZT Lobucavir Bristol-Myers CMV infection Squibb Nelfinavir Agouron HIV infection, (protease inhibitor) Pharmaceuticals AIDS, ARC Nevirapine Boeheringer HIV infection, (RT inhibitor) Ingleheim AIDS, ARC Novapren Novaferon Labs, HIV inhibitor Inc. (Akron, OH) Peptide T Peninsula Labs AIDS Octapeptide (Belmont, CA) Sequence Trisodium Astra Pharm. CMV retinitis, Phosphonoformate Products, Inc. HIV infection, other CMV infections PNU-140690 Pharmacia Upjohn HIV infection, (protease inhibitor) AIDS, ARC Probucol Vyrex HIV infection, AIDS RBC-CD4 Sheffield Med. HIV infection, Tech AIDS, ARC (Houston, TX) Ritonavir Abbott HIV infection, (protease inhibitor) AIDS, ARC Saquinavir Hoffmann-LaRoche HIV infection, (protease inhibitor) AIDS, ARC Stavudine; d4T Bristol-Myers HIV infection, Didehydrodeoxy- Squibb AIDS, ARC thymidine Valaciclovir Glaxo Wellcome Genital HSV & CMVinfections Virazole Viratek/ICN asymptomatic Ribavirin (Costa Mesa, CA) HIV-positive, LAS, ARC VX-478 Vertex HIV infection, AIDS, ARC Zalcitabine Hoffmann-LaRoche HIV infection, AIDS, ARC, with AZT Zidovudine; AZT Glaxo Wellcome HIV infection, AIDS, ARC, Kaposi's sarcoma, in combination with other therapies Tenofovir disoproxil, Gilead HIV infection, fumarate salt (Viread ®) AIDS (reverse transcriptase inhibitor) Combivir ® GSK HIV infection, (reverse transcriptase AIDS inhibitor) abacavir succinate GSK HIV infection, (or Ziagen ®) AIDS (reverse transcriptase inhibitor) Reyataz ® Bristol-Myers HIV infection, (atazanavir) Squibb AIDS Fuzeon Roche/Trimeris HIV infection, (Enfuvirtide, T-20) AIDS, viral fusion inhibitor Trizivir ® HIV infection, AIDS Kaletra ® Abbott HIV infection, AIDS, ARC IMMUNOMODULATORS AS-101 Wyeth-Ayerst AIDS Bropirimine Pharmacia Upjohn Advanced AIDS Acemannan Carrington Labs, AIDS, ARC Inc. (Irving, TX) CL246, 738 American Cyanamid AIDS, Kaposi's Lederle Labs sarcoma EL10 Elan Corp, PLC HIV infection (Gainesville, GA) FP-21399 Fuki ImmunoPharm Blocks HIV fusion with CD4+ cells Gamma Interferon Genentech ARC, in combination w/ TNF (tumor necrosis factor) Granulocyte Genetics Institute AIDS Macrophage Colony Sandoz Stimulating Factor Granulocyte Hoechst-Roussel AIDS Macrophage Colony Immunex Stimulating Factor Granulocyte Schering-Plough AIDS, Macrophage Colony combination Stimulating Factor w/AZT HIV Core Particle Rorer Seropositive Immunostimulant HIV IL-2 Cetus AIDS, in Interleukin-2 combination w/AZT IL-2 Hoffman-LaRoche AIDS, ARC, Interleukin-2 Immunex HIV, in combination w/AZT IL-2 Chiron AIDS, increase Interleukin-2 in CD4 cell (aldeslukin) counts Immune Globulin Cutter Biological Pediatric AIDS, in Intravenous (Berkeley, CA) combination (human) w/AZT IMREG-1 Imreg AIDS, Kaposi's (New Orleans, LA) sarcoma, ARC, PGL IMREG-2 Imreg AIDS, Kaposi's (New Orleans, LA) sarcoma, ARC, PGL Imuthiol Diethyl Merieux Institute AIDS, ARC Dithio Carbamate Alpha-2 Schering Plough Kaposi's Interferon sarcoma w/AZT, AIDS Methionine- TNI Pharmaceutical AIDS, ARC Enkephalin (Chicago, IL) MTP-PE Ciba-Geigy Corp. Kaposi's Muramyl-Tripeptide Amgen sarcoma AIDS, Granulocyte in combination Colony Stimulating w/AZT Factor Remune Immune Response Immuno- Corp. therapeutic rCD4 Genentech AIDS, ARC Recombinant Soluble Human CD4 rCD4-IgG AIDS, ARC hybrids Recombinant Biogen AIDS, ARC Soluble Human CD4 Interferon Hoffman-La Roche Kaposi's Alfa 2a in combination sarcoma, AIDS, w/AZT ARC SK&F106528 Smith Kline HIV infection Soluble T4 Thymopentin Immunobiology HIV infection Research Institute (Annandale, NJ) Tumor Necrosis Genentech ARC, in Factor; TNF combination w/gamma Interferon ANTI-INFECTIVES Clindamycin with Pharmacia Upjohn PCP Primaquine Fluconazole Pfizer Cryptococcal meningitis, candidiasis Pastille Squibb Corp. Prevention of Nystatin Pastille oral candidiasis Ornidyl Merrell Dow PCP Eflornithine Pentamidine LyphoMed PCP treatment Isethionate (IM & IV) (Rosemont, IL) Trimethoprim Antibacterial Trimethoprim/sulfa Antibacterial Piritrexim Burroughs Wellcome PCP treatment Pentamidine Fisons Corporation PCP prophylaxis Isethionate for Inhalation Spiramycin Rhone-Poulenc Cryptosporidial diarrhea Intraconazole- Janssen-Pharm. Histoplasmosis; R51211 cryptococcal meningitis Trimetrexate Warner-Lambert PCP Daunorubicin NeXstar, Sequus Kaposi's sarcoma Recombinant Human Ortho Pharm. Corp. Severe anemia Erythropoietin assoc. with AZT therapy Recombinant Human Serono AIDS-related Growth Hormone wasting, cachexia Megestrol Acetate Bristol-Myers Squibb Treatment of anorexia assoc. W/AIDS Testosterone Alza, Smith Kline AIDS-related wasting Total Enteral Norwich Eaton Diarrhea and Nutrition Pharmaceuticals malabsorption related to AIDS

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

Method A.

General procedure for amide bond formation. A mixture of intermediate ester (0.15 mmol) and benzylamine (0.87 mmol) in anhydrous ethyl alcohol (5 ml) and N,N-dimethylformamide (2 ml) are heated under reflux for 18 h. The solvent is then evaporated in vacuo and the remaining residue partitioned between ethyl acetate and 0.1 N hydrochloric acid. The organic phase is washed with water and brine then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Evaporation of the solvent provides the crude product which can be purified by recrystallization from ethanol or methanol.

Method B.

General procedure for amide bond formation. A mixture of intermediate carboxylic acid (0.54 mmol) and benzylamine (0.60 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 ml) is treated at 22° C. with triethylamine (0.17 ml, 1.22 mmol) followed by benzotriazole-1-yloxy-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) (0.340 g, 0.65 mmol). After 3 h, the reaction mixture is diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate and brine, then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Evaporation of the solvent followed by chromatography of the residue on silica gel provides the pure product.

Method C.

General procedure for hydrogenolysis of the benzyl group. A solution of benzylated intermediate (0.56 mmol) in a mixture of ethyl acetate (25 ml) and ethanol (25 ml) is hydrogenated under 1 atm of hydrogen at 25° C. over 10% palladium on activated carbon (0.09 g) for 2.5 h. The reaction mixture is filtered through Celite and the solvent removed provide the product.

Method D.

General procedure for acid mediated hydrolysis of the benzyl group. A solution of benzylated intermediate (0.32 mmol) in trifluoroacetic acid (2 mL) is stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hrs, after which the mixture is concentrated in vacuo to dryness. The residual oil can be crystallized from 95% ethanol to provide pure product.

4-Fluoro-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile.

To a solution of 2,4-difluorobenzonitrile (10 g, 72 mmol), dissolved in THF (20 mL) and DMF (40 mL), was added 1,2,4-triazole sodium salt (6.3 g, 70 mmol) and the resulting mixture stirred at 90° C. for 3 h, after which it was filtered and concentrated. The remaining residue was adsorbed onto silica gel and purified by flash column chromatography eluting with 0%-30% ethyl acetate/hexanes to give the title compound as colorless needles (2.46 g, 18% yield). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.89 (1H, s), 8.19 (1H, s), 7.85 (1H, dd, J=8.7, 5.6 Hz), 7.60 (1H, dd, J=8.8, 2.4 Hz), 7.28-7.24 (1H, m). LCMS (M+H) calcd for C₉H₆N₄F: 189.05; found: 189.13.

(4-Fluoro-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine Hydrochloride):

Intermediate 1,4-fluoro-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile, (2.46 g, 13.13 mmol) was dissolved in hot ethanol (150 mL). Aqueous 1N HCl (15 mL) was added followed by 10% Pd/C (200 mg). The mixture was shaken under H₂ (55 psi) for 4 h., then filtered through Celite and concentrated in vacuo. The remaining residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The aqueous layer was isolated and lyophilized to give the title compound as a white powder (2.96 g, 99% yield). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CD₃OD) δ ppm: 9.51 (1H, s), 8.63 (1H, s), 7.85 (1H, dd, J=8.5, 5.8 Hz), 7.68 (1H, dd, J=8.8, 2.4 Hz), 7.49 (1H, td, J=8.3, 2.4 Hz), 4.20 (2H, s). LCMS (M+H) calcd for C₉H₁₀N₄F: 193.08; found: 193.16.

2-Aminomethyl-5-fluoro-N-methyl-benzamide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt.

To a solution of tert-butyl 4-fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzylcarbamate (7.70 g, 27.3 mmol; prepared from 2-bromo-5-fluorobenzoic acid using literature methods) in CH₂Cl₂ (100 mL) was added CF₃CO₂H (25 mL) and the mixture stirred at room temperature for 15 min. This was concentrated in vacuo and the residue triturated with diethyl ether to provide 8.0 g (Yield 99%) of the title compound as a white powder. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, D₂O) δ ppm: 2.93 (3 H, s), 4.20 (2 H, s), 7.35 (1 H, dt, J=8.5, 3 Hz), 7.42 (1 H, dd, J=9.0, 2.7 Hz), 7.57 (1 H, dd, J=8.4, 5.5 Hz); LC/MS m/z 183 (M+H).

EXAMPLES 1-3

Ethyl 3-(benzyloxy)-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate.

A stirred solution of ethyl benzyloxyacetate (3.88 g, 0.02 mol) and diethyl oxalate (2.92 g, 0.02 mol) in 30 mL tetrahydrofaran was treated portion-wise with 60% NaH (800 mg, 0.02 mol) under N₂ at room temperature. A few drops of ethanol were added and stirring continued for 7 days, after which the mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The remaining residue was dissolved in 30 mL ethanol and to it was added a solution of 3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-2-imine (1.12 g, 0.01 mol, prepared using a literature method). The mixture was treated with NaH (400 mg, 0.01 mol; 60% oil dispersion) and triethylamine (2 grams) then stirred for 16 hrs. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the remaining residue dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ and washed with H₂O. The organic layer was dried and concentrated to give a dark oil. This was purified by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 9:1 CH₂Cl₂:ether to provide 1.3 grams of the title compound as a colorless oil which crystallized on standing (Yield=38%). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 7.39-7.48 (2 H, m), 7.25-7.37 (3 H, m), 5.21 (2 H, s), 4.30 (2 H, q, J=7.3 Hz), 3.99-4.11 (2 H, m), 2.03-2.15 (2 H, m), 1.34 (6 H, s), 1.26 (3 H, t, J=7.1 Hz); LC/MS m/z 343 (M+H).

Ethyl 3-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate.

Intermediate 4, ethyl 3-(benzyloxy)-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate, (650mg, 1.9mmol) was treated with 6 mL trifluoroacetic acid (16 hrs) then concentrated in vacuo. The remaining residue was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ and washed with H₂O. Concentration of the CH₂Cl₂ layer gave 430 mg of a solid (Yield=90%) which could be further purified by trituration with diethyl ether. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 10.81 (1 H, s), 4.45 (2 H, q, J=7.0 Hz), 3.97-4.12(2 H, m), 1.95-2.15 (2 H, m), 1.41 (3 H, t, J=7.1 Hz), 1.33 (6 H, s); LC/MS m/z 253 (M+H).

3-(Benzyloxy)-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic Acid.

Intermediate 4, ethyl 3-(benzyloxy)-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate (342 mg, 1 mmol) was suspended in 5 mL of methanol, treated with a solution of LiOH (48 mg, 2 mmol) in 5 ml H₂O then stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction was quenched with 2 mL of 1N HCl. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to give 260 mg of the title compound as a crystalline solid (Yield=83%). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 7.46-7.59 (2 H, m), 7.25-7.40 (3 H, m), 5.44 (2 H, s), 3.98-4.15 (2 H, m), 2.04-2.19 (2 H, m), 1.34 (6 H, s); LC/MS m/z 315 (M+H).

Example 1

N-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-3-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

The title compound was prepared from intermediate 5 and 4-fluorobenzyl amine using Method A. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 12.12 (1H, s), 7.93 (1H, br), 7.26-7.33 (2H, m), 6.98-7.07 (2H, m), 4.56 (2H, d, J=6.2 Hz), 4.00-4.08 (2H, m), 2.00-2.09 (2H, m), 1.28 (6H, s); HRMS (ESI) calcd for C₁₇H₁₉FN₃O₃ (M+H) 332.1410, found 332.1394.

N-(4-Fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-(benzyloxy)-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

Intermediate 6,3-(benzyloxy)-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid, (79 mg, 0.25 mmol) was placed together with O-(7-azobenzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate, HATU, (114 mg, 0.3 mmol) in 2 mL DMF under N₂ and stirred for 20 min. 4-(Dimethylamino)pyridine, DMAP, (100 mg, 0.8 mmol) and intermediate 3,2-aminomethyl-5-fluoro-N-methylbenzamide trifluoroacetic acid salt (89 mg, 0.3 mmol) in 1 mL DMF were added and stirring continued for 20 min. The reaction mixture was concentrated, the residue dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ and washed with H₂O. The CH₂Cl₂ layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated to give 118 mg of a the title compound as a solid (Yield=95%). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.31-8.46 (1 H, m), 7.24-7.46 (5 H, m), 6.95-7.15 (3 H, m), 6.88 (1 H, s), 5.23 (2 H, s), 4.48 (2 H, d, J=6.6 Hz), 3.95-4.10 (2 H, m), 2.93 (3 H, t, J=5.1 Hz), 2.00-2.16 (2 H, m), 1.34 (6 H, s); LC/MS m/z 479 (M+H).

Example 2

N-(4-Fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

Intermediate 7, N-(4-fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-(benzyloxy)-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide was treated with trifluoroacetic acid, according to Method D to provide the title compound ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 12.12 (1H, br), 8.71 (1H, br), 7.47 (1H, dd, J=8.1, 5.5 Hz), 7.05-7.2 (2H, m), 6.26 (1H, br), 4.59 (2H, d, J=6.6 Hz), 3.95-4.06 (2H, m), 3.00 (3H, d, J=4.8 Hz), 1.99-2.08 (2H, m), 1.31 (6H, s); HRMS (ESI) calcd for C₁₉H₂₂FN₄O₄(M+H) 389.1625, found 389.1625.

Example 3

N-(4-fluoro-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

The title compound was prepared from intermediate 5 and intermediate 2 using Method A. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 12.02 (1H, s), 8.70 (1H, t, J=6.2 Hz), 8.41 (1H, s), 8.18 (1H, s), 7.65 (1H, dd, J=8.8, 5.9Hz), 7.18 (1H, dt, J=8.1, 2.7 Hz), 7.08 (1H, dd, J=8.4, 2.6 Hz), 4.47 (2H, d, J=6.6 Hz), 3.97-4.09 (2H, m), 2.01-2.09 (2H, m), 1.30 (6H, s); HRMS (EST) calcd for C₁₉H₂₀FN₆O₆ (M+H) 399.1581, found 399.1599.

Examples 4-6

5-Chloro-2,2-dimethylpentanenitrile.

To a solution of isobutyronitrile (13.8 g, 0.2 mol; Aldrich) in hexanes (200 mL) was added a 2 M solution of lithium diisopropylamide (100 mL, 0.2 mol; Aldrich), and the mixture stirred for 2 hrs under nitrogen. This mixture was added to a solution of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane (34.6 g, 0.22 mol; Aldrich) and stirred for 1 h. The reaction was quenched by careful addition of water, and the hexane layer was dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO₂, 20-50% CH₂Cl₂ in Hexanes) to provide 10 g (68.7 mmol, Yield=34%) of the title compound as an amber oil: ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 500 MHz) δ ppm: 1.35 (6H, s, gem-Me), 1.67 (2H, m, CH₂), 1.95 (2H, m, CH₂), 3.57 (2H, t, J=6.5 Hz, Cl—CH₂); ¹³C NMR (CDCl₃, 125.8 Hz) δ ppm 26.73, 28.50, 32.08, 38.47, 44.58, 124.72.

2-Imino-3,3-dimethyl-piperidin-1-ol.

A solution of intermediate 8, 5-chloro-2,2-dimethylpentanenitrile, (725 mg, 5.0 mmol) and 50% aqueous NH₂OH (1.0 g, 15 mmol; Aldrich) in ethanol (1.5 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 5 days, and then treated with Na₂CO₃ (265 mg, 2.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h, and concentrated in vacuo to provide 1.0 g of the title compound as crude brown oily solid. ¹H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz) δ ppm: 1.29 (6H, s, Me), 1.59 (2H, m, CH₂), 1.85 (2H, m, CH₂), 3.62 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, NCH₂); ¹³C NMR (CDCl₃, 125.8 Hz) δ ppm: 18.23, 26.63, 33.57, 35.09, 51.85, 162.76.

2-Ethoxycarbonylmethyl-8,8-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester.

To a solution intermediate 9, 2-imino-3,3-dimethyl-piperidin-1-ol (1.0 g) in ethanol (5 mL) and water (5 mL) was added diethyl acetylene dicarboxylate (935 mg, 5.5 mmol; Avocado organics), and the mixture stirred at room temperature for 40 min. The mixture was extracted with ethylacetate (20 mL) and the extract washed with brine, dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The dark oily residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO₂, 10% ethyl acetate in CH₂Cl₂) to provide 816 mg (Yield 52% over 2 steps) of title compound as a clear oil: ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 500 MHz) δ ppm: 1.17 (3H, t, J=7 Hz, Me), 1.19 (3H, s, Me), 1.20 (3H, s, Me), 1.22 (3H, t, J=7 Hz, Me), 1.49 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, CH₂), 1.88 (2H, m, CH₂), 2.79-2.85-3.22-3.27 (2H, ABq, CH₂), 3.26-3.43 (2H, m, NCH₂), 4.06 (2H, q, J=7 Hz, OCH₂), 4.1-4.3 (2H, m, OCH₂); ¹³C NMR (CDCl₃, 125.8 Hz) δ ppm: 13.86, 13.98, 20.29, 26.73, 26.76, 35.47, 37.25, 42.11, 56.07, 60.50, 61.74, 103.27, 168.39, 168.65, 171.82. HRMS (ESI) calcd for C₁₅H₂₅N₂O₅ (M+H) 313.1763, found 313.1754.

3-Hydroxy-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester.

A solution of intermediate 10, 2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-8,8-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, (600 mg, 1.92 mmol) in 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (30 mL) was stirred in an oil bath heated at 180° C. for 20 hrs. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo, and the oily residue dissolved in ethyl acetate (20 mL) was stirred with 1 M aqueous sodium carbonate (5 mL). The resulting precipitate was filtered, washed with water and ether, then dried in vacuo to provide 213 mg (0.74 mmol, Yield=39%) of the title compound as a yellow powder. A portion of the sodium salt was also converted to the free acid form: ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 500 MHz) δ ppm: 1.34 (6H, s, gem-Me), 1.38 (3H, t, J=7 Hz, Me), 1.72 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, CH₂), 1.94 (2H, qt, J=6.5 Hz, CH₂), 3.95 (2H, t, J=6.5 Hz, NCH₂), 4.39 (2H, q, J=7 Hz, OCH₂), 10.3 (1H, s, OH); ¹³C NMR (CDCl₃, 125.8 Hz) δ ppm: 14.16, 15.34, 29.79, 35.01, 37.63, 45.03, 62.44, 125.21, 147.23, 155.28, 158.89, 169.55; HRMS (ESI) calcd for C₁₃H₁₉N₂O₄ (M+H) 267.1345, found 267.1352.

Example 4

3-Hydroxy-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic Acid 4-fluoro-benzylamide.

The title compound was prepared from intermediate 11 and 4-fluorobenzyl amine using Method A. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 500 MHz) δ ppm: 1.31 (6H, s, CH₃), 1.70-1.74 (2H, m, CH₂), 1.91-1.99 (2H, m, CH₂), 3.96 (2H, t, J=6.3 Hz, NCH₂), 4.56 (2H, d, J=6.2 Hz, CH₂), 7.02 (2H, t, J=8.6 Hz, Ar—H), 7.29 (2H, dd, J=5 Hz, 8.7 Hz, Ar—H), 7.87 (1H, brt, J=˜5 Hz, NH), 11.7 (1H, s, OH). ¹³C NMR (CDCl₃, 125.8 Hz) δ ppm: 18.54, 30.05, 34.87, 37.43, 42.41, 44.97, 115.77, 115.94, 125.38, 129.36, 129.43, 133.35, 145.90, 155.46, 158.85, 161.46, 163.42, 168.58. HRMS (ESI) calcd for C₁₈H₂₁FN₃O₃ (M+H) 346.1567, found 346.1552.

N-(4-Fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-(benzyloxy)-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

The title compound was prepared from 3-(benzyloxy)-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid (prepared via from intermediate 11) and intermediate 3, 2-aminomethyl-5-fluoro-N-methyl-benzamide trifluoroacetic acid according to Method B. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 1.38 (6 H, s), 1.70-1.78 (2 H, m), 1.90-2.00 (2 H, m), 2.95 (3 H, d, J=4.8 Hz), 3.92 (2 H, t, J=6.2 Hz), 4.51 (2 H, d, J=6.6 Hz), 5.20 (2 H, s), 6.80 (1 H, s), 6.97-7.07 (1 H, m), 7.11 (1 H, dd, J=9.0, 2.7 Hz), 7.25-7.31 (3 H, m), 7.38 (1 H, dd, J=8.6, 5.3 Hz), 7.48 (2 H, dd, J=7.3, 2.2 Hz), 8.50 (1 H, t, J=6.8 Hz); LC/MS m/z 493 (M+H).

Example 5

N-(4-Fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8, 9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

Intermediate 12, N-(4-fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-(benzyloxy)-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide was treated with trifluoroacetic acid, according to Method D to provide the title compound. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 11.76 (1 H, br), 8.84 (1 H, t, J=5.9 Hz), 7.46 (1 H, dd, J=8.4, 5.5 Hz), 7.04-7.18 (2 H, m), 6.22 (1 H, s), 4.57 (2 H, d, J=6.6 Hz), 3.93 (2 H, t, J=6.4 Hz), 3.00 (3 H, d, J=4.8 Hz), 1.88-2.00 (2 H, m), 1.67-1.74 (2 H, m), 1.33-1.39 (6 H, m); HRMS (ESI) calcd for C₂₀H₂₄FN₄O₄ (M+H) 403.1782, found 403.1783.

N-(4-Fluoro-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzyl)-3-(benzyloxy)-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

The title compound was prepared from 3-(benzyloxy)-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid (prepared via from intermediate 11) and intermediate 2, (4-fluoro-2-(1 H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)methanamine hydrochloride) according to Method B. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 1.39 (13 H, s), 1.91-2.03 (2 H, m), 3.92 (2 H, t, J=6.4 Hz), 4.40 (2 H, d, J=6.6 Hz), 5.23 (2 H, s), 7.04(1 H, dd, J=8.8, 2.6Hz), 7.09-7.19(1 H, m), 7.24-7.34(3 H, m), 7.52(2 H, dd, J=7.9, 1.7 Hz), 7.71 (1 H, dd, J=8.6, 6.0 Hz), 8.06 (1 H, s), 8.37 (1 H, s), 8.60 (1 H, t, J=6.8 Hz); LC/MS m/z 503 (M+H).

Example 6

N-(4-Fluoro-2-(1 H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

Intermediate 13, N-(4-fluoro-2-(1 H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzyl)-3-(benzyloxy)-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide was treated with trifluoroacetic acid, according to Method D to provide the title compound. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 11.66 (1 H, br), 8.88 (1 H, t, J=6.2 Hz), 8.44 (1 H, s), 8.18 (1H, s), 7.67 (1H, dd, J=8.4, 5.9 Hz), 7.18 (1H, dt, J=8.2, 2.6 Hz), 7.09 (1H, dd, J=8.4, 2.6 Hz), 4.43 (2H, d, J=7.0 Hz), 3.95 (2H, t, J=6.4 Hz), 1.88-2.00 (2H, m), 1.69-1.76 (2H, m), 1.37 (6H, s); HRMS (ESI) calcd for C₂₀H₂₂FN₆O₃ (M+H) 413.1737, found 413.1719.

Example 7-10

Ethyl 3-benzyloxy-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate.

Diethyl oxalate (7.66 g, 52.4 mmol) and ethyl benzyloxyacetate (10.2 g, 52.5 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (70 ml) were treated at 22° C. with sodium hydride (2.31 g of a 60% dispersion in mineral oil, 57.7 mmol) and ethanol (40 μl). The tetrahydrofuran was then evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue treated with a mixture of 2-iminopiperidine hydrochloride (7.05 g, 52.2 mmol) in a solution of sodium ethoxide (26.0 mmol, prepared from 0.60 g of sodium) in ethanol (70 ml) and the resulting mixture heated at 60° C. for 4 h. Acetic acid (2 ml) was added and the ethanol was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate washed successively with saturated sodium bicarbonate and brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. Chromatography on silica gel (elution toluene/ethyl acetate 1:1) gave 2.37 g (14% yield) of the title ester as white crystals; mp 97-99° C. (ethyl acetate-hexane). ¹HNMR 400 MHz (CDCl₃) δ (ppm): 1.33 (3H, t, J=7.1 Hz, CH₃), 1.92 (2H, m, CH₂), 2.0 (2H, m, CH₂), 2.97 (2H, t, J=6.8 Hz, CH₂), 4.02 (2H, t, J=6.3 Hz, NCH₂), 4.36 (2H, q, J=7.1 Hz, OCH₂), 5.27 (2H, s, OCH₂), 7.3-7.51 (5H, m, aromatics). Anal. Calcd for C₁₈H₂₀N₂O₄: C, 65.84, H, 6.14, N, 8.53. Found: C, 65.72, H, 6.33, N 8.41.

Ethyl 3-(benzyloxy)-9-bromo-4-oxo-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate.

A mixture intermediate 14, ethyl 3-benzyloxy-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate, (1.00 g, 3.05 mmol) and sodium acetate (1.50 g) in acetic acid (20 ml) was heated at 120° C. and then treated with a solution of bromine (1.5 g, 9.2 mmol) in acetic acid (5 ml). After 1 h at 120° C., the reaction mixture was cooled and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water and brine and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Evaporation of the solvent and chromatography of the residue on silica gel (elution gradient of ethyl acetate in hexane) gave 0.531 g (43% yield) of the title material as a white solid. ¹HNMR 400 MHz (CDCl₃) δ (ppm): 1.34 (3H, t, J=7.1 Hz, CH₃), 2.60 (2H, m, CH₂), 4.28 (2H, t, J=7.3 Hz, CH₂), 4.38 (2H, q, J=7.1 Hz, OCH₂), 5.34 (2H, s, OCH₂), 7.05 (1H, t, J=4.8 Hz, CH), 7.3-7.52 (5H, m, aromatics).

Ethyl 3-(benzyloxy)-4-oxo-9-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate.

A mixture of intermediate 15, ethyl 3-(benzyloxy)-9-bromo-4-oxo-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate, (0.477 g, 1.18 mmol) in acetonitrile (15 ml) and water (15 ml) was treated with phenylboronic acid (0.190 g, 1.53 mmol), sodium carbonate (0.275 g, 2.6 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.200 g). The reaction mixture was degassed, flushed with argon and heated at 90° C. for 30 min. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo, diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue on silica gel (elution gradient of ethyl acetate. in hexane) gave 0.325 g (68% yield) of the title material as a clear oil. ¹HNMR 400 MHz (CDCl₃) δ (PPM): 1.26 (3H, t, J=7.1 Hz, CH₃), 2.68 (2H, m, CH₂), 4.27 (2H, q, J=7.1 Hz, OCH₂), 4.32 (2H, t, J=7.6 Hz, CH₂), 5.34 (2H, s, OCH₂), 6.73 (1H, t, J=4.8 Hz, CH), 7.3-7.55 (10H, m, aromatics). HRMS (ESI⁺) calculated for C₂₄H₂₃N₂O₄ [M+H⁺]: 403.1658; found: 403.1659.

Ethyl 3-hydroxy-4-oxo-9-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate.

A solution of intermediate 16, ethyl 3-(benzyloxy)-4-oxo-9-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate (0.320 g, 0.80 mmol) in dichloromethane (5 ml) was treated with trifluoroacetic acid (5 ml) and the resulting mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and the residue was triturated with ether to give 0.189 g (76% yield) of the title material as a white solid; mp 151° C. ¹HNMR 400 MHz (CDCl₃) δ (ppm): 1.37 (3H, t, J=7.1 Hz, CH₃), 2.67 (2H, m, CH₂), 4.34 (2H, t, J=7.1 Hz, CH₂), 4.37 (2H, q, J=7.1 Hz, OCH₂), 6.70 (1H, t, J=4.8 Hz, CH), 7.38 (3H, m, aromatics), 7.55 (2H, m, aromatics), 10.70 (1H, s, OH). HRMS (ESI⁺) calculated for C₁₇H₁₇N₂O₄ [M+H⁺]: 313.1188; found: 313.1181.

Example 7

N-(3,4-Dichlorobenzyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-9-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

The title compound was prepared from intermediate 17 and 3,4-dichlorobenzyl amine using Method A. ¹HNMR 400 MHz (CDCl₃) δ (ppm): 2.69 (2H, m, CH₂), 4.34 (2H, t, J=7.1 Hz, CH₂), 4.45 (2H, d, J=6.6 Hz, CH₂), 6.67 (1H, t, J=4.8 Hz, CH), 7.06 (1H, dd, J=2.0 Hz and J=8.1 Hz, aromatic), 7.31 (1H, d, J=2.0 Hz, aromatic), 7.32-7.39 (5H, m, aromatics), 7.43 (1H, d, J=8.1 Hz, aromatic), 7.58 (1H, broad, NH), 11.86 (1H, s, OH). HRMS (ESI⁺) calculated for C₂₂H₁₈Cl₂N₃O₃ [M+H⁺]: 442.0725 ; found: 442.0714.

Example 8

N-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-9-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

The title compound was prepared from intermediate 17 and 4-fluorobenzyl amine using Method A. ¹HNMR 400 MHz (CDCl₃) δ (ppm): 2.68 (2H, m, CH₂), 4.33 (2H, t, J=7.1 Hz, CH₂), 4.46 (2H, d, J=6.1 Hz, CH₂), 6.65 (1H, t, J=4.8 Hz, CH), 7.05 (2H, m, aromatics), 7.19 (2H, m, aromatics), 7.27-7.38 (5H, m, aromatics), 7.56 (1H, broad, NH),11.98 (1H, s, OH). HRMS (ESI⁺) calculated for C₂₂H₁₉FN₃O₃ [M+H ⁺]: 392.1410; found: 392.1399.

Example 9

N-(4-Fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-9-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

The title compound was prepared from intermediate 16 and intermediate 3 using the methods described above. ¹HNMR 400 MHz (CDCl₃) δ (ppm): 2.66 (2H, m, CH₂), 2.94 (3H, d, J=5.1 Hz, CH₃), 4.32 (2H, t, J=7.1 Hz, CH₂), 4.53 (2H, d, J=6.6 Hz, CH₂), 6.17 (1H, broad q, NH), 6.64 (1H, t, J=4.8 Hz, CH), 7.11 (1H, dd, J=2.5 Hz and J=8.0 Hz, aromatic), 7.15 (1H, dd, J=2.5 Hz and J=8.8 Hz, aromatic), 7.36-7.48 (6H, m, aromatics), 8.31 (1H, broad t, NH), 12.21 (1H, s, OH). HRMS (ESI⁺) calculated for C₂₄H₂₂FN₄O₄ [M+H ⁺]: 449.1625; found: 449.1618.

Example 10

N-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-9-(pyridin-3-yl)-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

¹HNMR 400 MHz (DMSO-d₆) δ (ppm): 2.69 (2H, m, CH₂), 4.14 (2H, t, J=6.8 Hz, CH₂), 4.41 (2H, d, J=6.1 Hz, CH₂), 7.01 (1H, t, J=4.8 Hz, CH), 7.17 (2H, m, aromatics), 7.29 (2H, m, aromatics), 7.74 (1H, dd, J=5.0 Hz and J=8.1 Hz, aromatic), 8.28 (1H, d, J=8.1 Hz, aromatic), 8.49 (1H, broad t, NH), 8.73 (1H, d, J=5.0 Hz, aromatic), 8.84 (1H, s, aromatic), 12.34 (1H, s, OH). HRMS (ESI⁺) calculated for C₂₁H₁₈FN₄O₃ [M+H⁺]: 393.1363; found: 393.1366.

Example 11

N-(4-Fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-9-(pyridin-3-yl)-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

¹HNMR 400 MHz (DMSO-d₆) δ (ppm): 2.60 (2H, m, CH₂), 2.74 (3H, d, J=4.5 Hz, CH₃), 4.12 (2H, t, J=7.0 Hz, CH₂), 4.44 (2H, d, J=6.5 Hz, CH₂), 6.75 (1H, broad, NH), 7.2-7.4 (4 H, m, aromatics), 7.92 (1H, m, aromatic), 8.51 (2H, m, aromatics), 8.59 (1H, s, aromatic), 12.33 (1H, s, OH). HRMS (ESI⁺) calculated for C₂₃H₂₁FN₅O₄ [M+H⁺]: 450.1578; found: 450.1566.

Example 12

N-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-3-hydroxy-10,10-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine-2-carboxamide.

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 1.39 (s, 6), 1.72 (br m, 6), 4.49 (br s, 2), 4.57 (d, 2), 7.05 (m, 2), 7.31 (m, 2), 7.86 (br m, 1), 11.75 (s, 1).

Example 13

N-(4-Fluoro-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-10,10-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine-2-carboxamide.

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 1.47 (s, 6), 1.73 (br m, 6), 4.44 (br m, 4), 7.11 (m, 1), 7.20 (m, 1), 7.71 (m, 1), 8.15 (s, 1), 8.45 (s, 1), 8.91 (br m, 1), 11.78 (s, 1). 

1. A compound of Formula I

wherein: R¹ is C₁₋₆(Ar¹)alkyl; R² is hydrogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₆alkyl, or C₁₋₆alkoxy; R³ is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆haloalkoxy, CON(R⁶)(R⁶), or Ar²; R⁴ is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, or C₁₋₆haloalkoxy; R⁵ is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, or C₁₋₆haloalkoxy; R⁶ is hydrogen or C₁₋₆alkyl; R⁷ is C₁₋₆alkyl; Ar¹ is

Ar² is tetrazolyl, triazolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrrolyl, or dixothiazinyl, and is substituted with 0-2 substituents selected from the group consisting of amino, oxo, halo, and C₁₋₆alkyl; Ar³ is phenyl or pyridinyl substituted with 0-2 substituents selected from halo, C₁₋₆alkyl, and C₁₋₆alkoxy; and X—Y—Z is C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂, C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂CH₂, C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂, C(Ar³)═CHCH₂, C(Ar³)═CHCH₂CH₂, or C(Ar³)═CHCH₂CH₂CH₂; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.
 2. A compound of claim 1 where R¹ is


3. A compound of claim 1 where R¹ is


4. A compound of claim 1 where R² is hydrogen.
 5. A compound of claim 1 where R³ is hydrogen, chloro, flouro, methyl, or NHCOR⁶; R⁴ is hydrogen, chloro, flouro, or methyl; and R⁵ is hydrogen.
 6. A compound of claim 1 where R³ is triazinyl substituted with 0-1 methyl groups; R⁴ is hydrogen, chloro, flouro, or methyl; and R⁵ is hydrogen.
 7. A compound of claim 1 where R⁶ is hydrogen or methyl.
 8. A compound of claim 1 where R⁷ is methyl.
 9. A compound of claim 1 where X—Y—Z is C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂, C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂CH₂, or C(R⁷)₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂.
 10. A compound of claim 1 where X—Y—Z is C(Ar³)═CHCH₂, C(Ar³)═CHCH₂CH₂, or C(Ar³)═CHCH₂CH₂CH₂.
 11. A compound of claim 1 selected from the group consisting of N-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-3-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide; N-(4-Fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1 ,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide; N-(4-fluoro-2-(1 H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide; 3-Hydroxy-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid 4-fluoro-benzylamide; N-(4-Fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide; N-(4-Fluoro-2-(1 H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-9,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide; N-(3,4-Dichlorobenzyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-9-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide; N-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-9-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide; N-(4-Fluoro-2-(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-9-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide; N-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-9-(pyridin-3-yl)-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide; N-(4-Fluoro-2(methylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-9-(pyridin-3-yl)-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide; N-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-3-hydroxy-10,10-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine-2-carboxamide; and N-(4-Fluoro-2-(1 H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzyl)-3-hydroxy-10,10-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine-2-carboxamide; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.
 12. A composition comprising a therapeutic amount of a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
 13. A method for treating HIV infection comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, to a patient in need thereof.
 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising a therapeutically effective amount of one or more other HIV treatment agents selected from the group consisting of HIV protease inhibitors, HIV nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV-entry inhibitors, HIV integrase inhibitors, immunomodulators, or a combination thereof. 